🌿HIV 1&2 and Syphilis Test 
A crucial blood test to screen for HIV types 1 and 2, and syphilis — two significant sexually transmitted infections.

🔍 What is it?

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) types 1 and 2 are viruses that attack the immune system, potentially leading to AIDS if untreated. Syphilis is a bacterial infection caused by Treponema pallidum that can cause serious long-term health issues if not diagnosed early.

This test detects antibodies and/or antigens in the blood indicating infection with HIV and syphilis.

🧪 What does it measure?

• HIV: Detects HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies and the p24 antigen (early marker of infection) using a 4th generation test
• Syphilis: Detects antibodies to Treponema pallidum bacteria indicating current or past infection
• Highly sensitive and specific laboratory assays

🔎 Note:

• For HIV, the window period (time from infection to detectable markers) is typically 2–6 weeks
• For syphilis, early detection allows effective treatment before complications develop

❓ Why might I need it?

You may be advised to have this test if you experience:

• 🔄 Unprotected sex or a new sexual partner
• 🤒 Symptoms such as unexplained rash, sores, or flu-like illness
• 🔍 Routine sexual health screening or antenatal check-up
• 💉 History of sharing needles or exposure to blood products
• 💔 Concern about possible exposure to HIV or syphilis

🧬 Conditions it can help detect:

• HIV infection (types 1 and 2)
• Syphilis infection (primary, secondary, latent, or tertiary stages)

🩺 How is it done?

• A blood sample is taken from a vein in your arm
• Usually quick and straightforward
• ⏳ Results typically available within 1–5 working days

💷 Typical Private Cost in the UK:
£50–£100 depending on the provider and whether combined with other STI tests

✅ Commonly Combined With:

• Other STI tests (chlamydia, gonorrhoea, hepatitis B & C)
• Full sexual health screening panels
• Liver function tests (if at risk of hepatitis)

📚 References:

• NHS – HIV and syphilis testing
• British HIV Association (BHIVA) Guidelines
• British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) – Syphilis Guidance